Worshiping Allah Ta'ala is the wisdom of human creation. Allah Ta'ala says,
وَمَا خَلَقْتُ الْجِنَّ وَالْإِنسَ إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُونِ
" And I did not create the jinn and humans except that they serve (worship) Me. ”(QS. Adz-Dzariyat: 56)
So, a believer must know how the principles of upholding ubudiyyah (slavery) to Allah Ta'ala correctly . In this short article, we will discuss the basic principles of the enforcement of ubudiyyah that a Muslim needs to know.
Types of ubudiyyah
First, ubudiyyah 'ammah ( general ubudiyyah ). Ubudiyyah means "submission", and covers all beings in the heavens and on earth, whether intelligent or not, whether on land or in the sea, whether believers or infidels. All are beings who are subject to the destiny and arrangement of Allah Ta'ala. Allah Ta'ala says,
ُن كل مَن فِي السََّّمَاوَات وَالْأَرْضِ إَِّل آ آتِي الرَّحْمَنِ عَبْداً
" There is no one in the heavens and on earth, except that one will come to the Most Gracious God as a servant. (Surah Maryam: 93)
Second, ubudiyyah khashshah ( ubudiyyah that is special). What is meant by special ubudiyyah is a worship activity performed by a believing servant (mukmin) only with the requirements and pillars, as will be explained. This is as Allah Ta'ala says,
عَّبِادِي لَيْسَ لَكَ عَلَيْهِمْ سُلْطَانٌ ٌإِلَّ مَّن َِّتَّبَعَكَ مِنَ الْغَاوِينَ
" Surely My servants have no power over them, except those who follow you, namely those who are astray. ”(QS. Al-Hijr: 42)
Allah Ta'ala says,
ُلَيْسَ اللَّهُ بِكَافٍ عَبْدَهُ
“ Isn't Allah sufficient to protect His servants? (Surah Az-Zumar: 36)
Definition of worship
Linguistically, worship means "humble" or "submit". As for the definition in syar'i , the best is the definition delivered by Shaykh al -Islam Ibn Taymiyyah Rahimahullah, which is "a term that includes all things that are loved and pleased by Allah Ta'ala, both in words and deeds, both born and batin. ” ( Majmu 'Al-Fataawa, 10: 149)
Examples of the word lahiriyah are various kinds of oral worship, such as saying two sentences of creed, saying tasbih, tahlil, or returning greetings.
Examples of inner speech are various heart sayings, such as sure and justify (tashdiq).
Examples of lahiriyah deeds (deeds) are prayer, fasting, zakat, and fulfilling vows.
Examples of inner deeds (deeds) are various kinds of deeds of the heart, such as fear (al-khauf), hope (ar-raja '), and love (al-mahabbah).
Pillars of worship
Every worship that we do to Allah Ta'ala, must fulfill these three pillars, namely:
First, there is a sense of love ( al-mahabbah )
That is, we worship because it is driven by love for Allah Ta'ala. This feeling of love is the spirit of worship. Whenever the feeling of love for Allah Ta'ala moves a servant to worship Him, it will get closer to sincerity. Allah Ta'ala says,
وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ أَشَدُّ حُبّاً لِّلّهِ
" As for those who believe, their love for God is very strong. ”(QS. Al-Baqarah: 165)
Second, there is a sense of hope ( ar-raja' )
That is, we worship Allah Ta'ala with the expectation of reward and recompense from Allah Ta'ala, also hoping for mercy and forgiveness from Allah Ta'ala. This hope also leads a servant to achieve sincerity in worshiping Allah Ta'ala. Allah Ta'ala says,
" Those whom they call upon, they themselves seek the way to their Lord, which of them is nearer (to Allah) and hopes for His mercy and fears His punishment. Verily, the punishment of your Lord is something to be feared. (Surah Al-Isra': 57)
Third, there is fear ( al-khauf )
It means fear of Allah Ta'ala, so that a servant can avoid acts of immorality. This is as Allah Ta'ala says in surah Al-Isra 'verse 57 which has been mentioned above.
These three pillars of worship must accompany worship activities carried out by a servant. A servant should not worship Allah the Exalted just out of love, or out of fear, or out of hope. However, these three pillars of worship must be present in a person when worshiping Him.
Salaf scholars say, "Anyone who worships God only out of love, that is the people of zindiq . Whoever worships Allah only out of hope, that is the murji people ' . Anyone who worships God only out of fear, that is the haruri people . And whoever worships Allah out of love, fear, and hope, that is a believer who deifies Allah Ta'ala. ”( Al-'Ubudiyyah, p. 112)
Two conditions for acceptance of worship
After understanding the pillars of worship, it is necessary to know that there are two conditions for worship to be accepted by Allah Ta'ala.
First, be sincere.
That is, directing the worship only to Allah Ta'ala , not to other than Allah Ta'ala. Allah the Exalted will not accept any deed, unless the sincere deed is directed to Him alone. Allah Ta'ala says,
وَمَا أُمِرُوا إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّينَ حُنَفَاء
“ Whereas they are not commanded except to worship Allah by purifying obedience to Him in (carrying out) the straight religion. ”(QS. Al-Bayyinah: 5)
Allah Ta'ala says,
ُلَا لِلَّهِ الدِّينُ الْخَالِصُ
" Remember, only Allah belongs to a religion that is clean (from shirk). (Surah Az-Zumar: 3)
Allah Ta'ala also said,
قُلِ اللَّهَ أَعْبُدُ مُخْلِصاً لَّهُ دِنِي
" Say, "Only Allah I worship by purifying obedience to Him in (carrying out) my religion. (Surah Az-Zumar: 14)
Second, mutaba'ah .
That is, following the instructions of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam in carrying out the rituals of worship to Allah Ta'ala. Allah Ta'ala says,
فَلاَ وَرَبِّكَ لا يَؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّىَ يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ لا يَجِدُوا فِي ُنفُسِهِمْ حِّمُجً
“ So, by your Lord, they (in fact) did not believe until they made you a judge over that in which they differed, then they did not find in their hearts any objection to the decision you gave, and they accepted fully. ”(QS. An-Nisa ': 65)
Narrated from the mother of 'A'ishah Radhiyallahu' anha, the Messenger of Allah sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam said ,
مَنْ عَمِلَ عَمَلاً لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ ْمْرُنَا فَهُوَ رَدٌّ
"Whoever does a charity for which there is no guidance from us, then the charity is rejected." (HR. Bukhari no. 2697 and Muslim no. 1718)
In another narration, the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam said,
مَنأَحأَدَثَ فِى مْرِنَا هَذَا مَا لَيْسَ مِنْهُ فَهُوَ رَدٌّ
"Whoever invents something in this (religious) affair that is not from us, then the charity is rejected." (HR. Muslim no. 1718)
Therefore, a deed will not be considered unless it is performed sincerely and follow the sunnah (guidance) of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam.
Deeds done sincerely and correctly (according to the guidance of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam ) this is the best deed as said by Allah Ta'ala,
الَّذِي خَلَقَ الْمَوْتَ وَالْحَيَا لِيَبْلُوَكُمْ أَيُّكُمْ أَحْسَنُ عَمَلاً وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْغَفُورُ
“ Who created death and life, that He may try you, which of you is best in deeds . And He is the Mighty, the Forgiving. ”(QS. Al-Mulk: 2)
Regarding the above verse, Fudhail bin 'Iyadh Rahimahullah said,
I salvage him and correct him. And he said: If an action is pure and not correct, it will not be accepted, and if it is correct and not sincere, it will not be accepted until it is pure and correct.
"(That is charity) the most sincere and most true". He rahimahullah explained, “Indeed, when a practice has been done sincerely, but not true, then the practice is not accepted. And when the practice is true, but not sincere, then the practice is also not accepted, until the practice is sincere and true. Sincerity if addressed to Allah Ta'ala, and true if in accordance with the sunnah (guidance of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam ) . ”( Jami'ul Ulum wal Hikam, 1: 72)
The two conditions for the acceptance of this worship are gathered in the word of Allah Ta'ala,
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" Say," Verily I am an ordinary human being like you, who was revealed to me, "That verily your Lord is the One God." Whoever hopes to meet his Lord, then let him do righteous deeds and let him not associate anyone in the worship of his Lord. ”(QS. Al-Kahfi: 110)
"Good deeds" in the above verse is to follow the guidance of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam. While "let him not associate anyone in the worship of his Lord" is sincere. Wallahu Ta'ala a'alam.
Sumber: muslim.or.id
