The month of Sya'ban is the month that is located after the month of Rajab and before the month of Ramadan. This month has many priorities. There are also acts of worship performed by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam in this month. Rasulullah sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam filled it by increasing fasting in this month in preparation for the month of Ramadan. This month is called the month of Sya'ban because at the time of the naming of this month many Arabs were scattered in search of water or scattered in caves after the month of Rajab. Ibn Hajar Al-'Asqalani said:
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“It was called Sha'ban because they were scattered looking for water or in caves after the month of Rajab Al-Haram. Because this naming is better than the one previously mentioned. And mentioned other causes than those already mentioned." 1
The hadith reads:
Rather, it is called Sha’ban because it contains a lot of good for the one who fasts in it until he enters Paradise.
" Indeed, the month of Sha'ban is called Sha'ban because in it there are many branches of goodness for the person who fasts in that month until he enters Paradise ."
The hadith is not true from the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam . Many people underestimate this month. The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam mentioned this in the following hadith:
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It was narrated from Osama bin Zaid radhiallahu 'anhuma that he said, "O Messenger of Allah! I have never seen you fast in one month compared to other months like you fasted in the month of Sha'ban?" He replied, "It is a month that many people neglect, located between the months of Rajab and Ramadan. He is the month of deeds raised to the Lord of the worlds. And I like it if my deeds are lifted while I am fasting.”
What practices are prescribed in this month?
There are several practices that are usually carried out by the Prophet and the as-salafus-shalih this month. These practices are as follows:
1. Increase fasting
Rasulullah sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam multiplied his fast in this month unlike he fasted in other months.
On Aisha - may God be pleased with her - she said: The Messenger of Allah - pray to God and peace be upon him - fast until we say is not breaking and might even say, so what I saw the Messenger of Allah - God bless him and peace be upon him. Shaban.
It was narrated from 'A'ishah radhiallahu' anha that she said, “The Messenger of Allah sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam used to fast until we said that he did not break his fast, and break his fast until we said that he did not fast. And I have never seen the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam complete his fast in a month except in the month of Ramadan. And I have never seen him fast more than the month of Sha'ban. " 4
Similarly, his wife Umm Salamah radhiallahu 'anha said:
مَا رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ-صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- يَصُومُ
"I never got the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam to fast two months in a row except the months of Sha'ban and Ramadan." 5
This shows that the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam almost fasted Sha'ban entirely. The scholars mention that fasting in the month of Sha'ban although he is only a sunnah fast, but has an important role to cover the lack of obligatory fasting in the month of Ramadan. Like the obligatory prayers, the obligatory prayers have rawatib sunnah prayers, namely: qabliyah and ba'diyah. These prayers can cover the lack of obligatory prayers that are performed. Similar to the fast of Ramadan, he has a sunnah fast in the month of Sha'ban and a six -day sunnah fast in the month of Shawwal. People who start fasting in the month of Sha'ban, God willing, do not have too much trouble facing the month of Ramadan.
2. Reading the Qur'an
Reading the Qur'an began to be reproduced from the beginning of the month of Sha'ban, so that when facing the month of Ramadan, a Muslim will be able to add more readings of the Qur'an. Salamah bin Kuhail rahimahullah said:
كَانَ يُقَالُ شَهْرُ شَعْبَانَ شَهْرُ الْقُرَّاءِ
"It used to be said that the month of Sha'ban is the month of the qurra '(readers of the Qur'an)." The same was done by 'Amr bin Qais rahimahullah when he entered the month of Sha'ban he closed his shop and emptied himself to recite the Qur'an.
3. Doing pious deeds
All pious deeds are sunnah to be done at all times. To face the month of Ramadan, the previous scholars have been accustomed to pious practices since the coming of the month of Sha'ban, so that they have been trained to increase their practices during the month of Ramadan. Abu Bakr Al-Balkhi rahimahullah once said:
شَهْرُ رَجَب شَهْرُ الزَّرْعِ, وَشَهْرُ شَعْبَانَ شَهْرُ سُقْيِ الزَّرْعِ, وَشَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ شَهْرُ حَصَادِ الزَّرْعِ.
"The month of Rajab is the month of planting, the month of Sha'ban is the month of watering plants and the month of Sha'ban is the month of harvesting plants." And he also said:
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"The parable of the month of Rajab is like the wind, the month of Sha'ban is like a cloud that brings rain and the month of Ramadan is like rain. Whoever does not plant in the month of Rajab and does not water it in the month of Sha'ban how can he harvest the fruit in the month of Ramadan." 7
4. Avoiding shirk and enmity among Muslims
The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala will forgive those who do not commit shirk and those who do not have enmity with their fellow believers. The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said:
" Indeed, Allah appeared on the night of the middle of the month of Sha'ban and forgave all his creatures except the polytheists and musyahin ."
Musyahin is a person who has enmity with his brother. Rasulullah sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam also specifically about people who have enmity with their religious brothers:
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" The gates of heaven are opened every Monday and Thursday and all servants will be forgiven except those who commit shirk to Allah, except for those who have enmity between him and his brother. Then it was said, 'Suspend these two until they reconcile. Suspend these two people until they reconcile. Suspend these two until they reconcile' ” 9
Therefore it is appropriate for us to stay away from all forms of shirk, both small and large, as well as we stay away from all forms of hostility with our Muslim friends.
5. What is the ruling on reviving the night in the middle of Sha'ban?
In the hadith above it has been mentioned the priority of the night in the middle of the month of Sha'ban. Is it sunnah to liven up the night with worship? Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah , may God have mercy on him, said:
“And the Raghaib prayer is a fabricated heresy. The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam never prayed like that and none of the salaf did it. As for the middle night in the month of Sha'ban, in it there is priority, first among the salaf (the previous people) there are those who pray on that night. However, gathering on that night to liven up the mosques is a heresy, as is the alfiyah prayer . ” 10
Many scholars view the sunnah to liven up the middle night in the month of Sha'ban with various kinds of worship. But this is not done collectively. Some scholars view that there is no special virtue of worship on that night, because it is not quoted in an authentic or hasan hadith from the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam that he once ordered to worship specifically on that night. The hadiths that speak of this are weak.
6. What is the law of alfiyah prayer and raghaib prayer on the night of the middle of the month of Sha'ban?
There is not a single authentic evidence that mentions the priority of night prayers or sunnah prayers in the middle of the night in the month of Sha'ban. Both the so -called alfiyah prayer (one thousand rak'ahs), and the raghaib prayer (12 rak'ahs). Specializing the night with these acts of worship is an act of heresy. So we have to stay away from it. Especially what is done by some Muslims. They gathered in the mosque, en masse celebrating it, then it was not taught by the Prophet Muhammad sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam . Imam An-Nawawi said about the Ar-Raghaib prayer performed on the first Friday of the month of Rajab and the middle night of the month of Sha'ban:
وَهَاتَانِ الصَّلاَتَانِ بِدْعَتَانِ مَذْمُومَتَانِ مُنْكَرَتَانِ قَبِيحَتَانِ وَلاَ تَغْتَرَّ بِذِكْرِهِمَا
“These two prayers are reprehensible heresies, ugly and bad. Do not be deceived by the mention of the two prayers in the book ' Quutul-Qulub ' and ' Al-Ihya' '. " 12
7. What is the ruling on fasting in the middle of the month of Sha'ban?
It is not recommended to fast during the middle of the month of Sha'ban in particular. Even some scholars condemn it as a bid'ah. The hadith reads:
إِذَا كانانتَ لَيْلَةُ النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ, فَقُومُوا لَيْلَهَا وَصُومُوا ن .هَارَهَا.
“ When the night is in the middle of the month of Sya'ban, then turn on the night and fast during the day. ”13
So the hadith is a false hadith ( maudhu '), so it can not be used as a proof. However, if we want to fast on that day because of the generality of the hadith regarding the sunnah of fasting in the month of Sha'ban or because it includes fasting on biidh days ( ayyaamul-biid / fasting on the 13th, 14th and 15th of every Hijri month), then it doesn't matter. What is denied is the specialization only. Thus some of the worship that the author can mention in this article. Hopefully we can optimize our practice in the month of Sha'ban to be able to maximize our worship in the month of Ramadan. Hopefully useful. Amen .
Sumber: muslim.or.id
